Wednesday, January 2, 2019

What is an MTHFR Mutation? And What to Do About It?


MTHFR mutation is a very complicated issue, the mainstream 醫學界對 MTHFR 的看法這二十年來有不斷的改變(evolved), 目前的態度是「不要理它」。

由上面的 diagram 可以看出 有 folate (folic acid) 的幫忙,homocysteine 才能變成 methionine. 沒有 methylene tetrayhydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 這個酵素,folate 就不能正常運作去幫助 methionine - homocysteine cycle.

One gene, one protein/enzyme (即每一個酵素都由一個 gene製造)如果製造 MTHFR 這個酵素的gene mutation, 那麼就沒有正常的 MTHFR 酵素幫忙 folate to do its job, 結果是 homocysteine 含量太高。

一般認為 太多 homocysteine 對身體是不好的, 因為它使血液在不該凝結血塊(clots) 的時候凝結血塊。這是中風或 heart attack 的原因之一。



1997 Dr Eugene Braunwald (美國最出名的心臟科醫師,他的 textbook 是心臟學的 bible) New England Journal of Medicine 寫一篇文章叫「Cardiovascular medicine at the turn of millennium: triumphs, concerns, and opportunitiesin which he wrote,

. . . . This approach should not only allow identification of those in whom initial or recurrent coronary heart disease is likely to develop, who are now targets of primary and secondary prevention, but also permit going much further back into the process by helping to identify and target those in whom coronary risk factors are likely to develop. For example, some people may be at risk for coronary heart disease because of a mutation in the MTHFR gene and might benefit from early supplementation with folate and vitamin B12. Such supplementation might not be necessary in all persons.

20 年前美國醫學界主流(mainstream) 確是相信 MTHFR gene mutation (that leads to homocysteine 過高)會增加得 冠狀動脈阻塞的機會。



後來的臨床試驗 (clinical trials) 發現給那些 homocysteine 過高的人吃 folate (vitamin B12 and B6) 也沒有減少 heart attack, 中風或動脈/靜脈血凝塊的發生率。


所以目前 mainstream medicine doesn’t recommend check blood homocysteine level or MTHFR mutation.

在美國約有10%的人是 homozygous for MTHFR mutation (MTHFR gene 的兩個 alleles 都有 mutation, 也就是說父母都至少有一個 mutated MTHFR allele), 30% 的人是 heterozygous, 即一個 allele 是正常的,另一個是 mutated, 這些人的 homocysteine 會稍為提高。有一個朋友告訴我説亞洲人 MTHFR 的機率較高, 我身邊沒資料, 我也不知道詳情.



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