Showing posts with label Jefferson. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Jefferson. Show all posts

Tuesday, January 9, 2018

The Jefferson Bible and the Sabbath that Daniel Webster spent with Thomas Jefferson at Monticello

I am reading “The Jefferson Bible”, which is the excerpt of the Bible (mainly the four Gospels) with Jefferson’s comments.  There are four languages (English, French, Latin and Greek) listed side by side.  He completed in 1803, distributing it to his family and friends, but refused it to be published for a very obvious reason.

In “The Jefferson Bible” the stories of the miracles Jesus performed are nowhere to be found, but “Heavenly Kingdoms” are mentioned.  Critic said Jefferson admired Jesus as a great moralist, but didn’t accept him as Christ.

Jefferson has been considered having “little religion” and ‘had no very good opinion of the Bible or the institutions of religion.”  Nothing could be further from the truth.



Thomas Jefferson is a real Christian                                                                    
Jefferson advocated the separation of state and religion and religious freedom. He is talented and well versed in all fields of knowledge, but he is not a theologian or an evangelist; he considered himself a real Christian.

Jefferson once said ”Say nothing of my religion.  It is known to my god and myself alone,” and “I am moreover averse to the communication of my religious tenets to the public.”

In his letter to his old friend, Charles Thompson (Secretary of the Continental Congress) on Jan. 19, 1816, Jefferson talked about this book,

. . . I, too, have made a wee-little book from the same material (The Gospels) which I call the Philosophy of Jesus. . . .A more beautiful or precious morsel of ethics I have never seen. It is a document in proof that I am a REAL CHRISTIAN, that is to say, a disciple of the doctrines of Jesus, very different from the Platonists, who called ME infidel and themselves Christians and preachers of the Gospel,...

The Jefferson Bible reveals his religious views Upon completion of his version of Bible, Jefferson sent Dr. Benjamin Rush a letter on April 21, 1803,

Dear Sir, in some of the delightful conversations with you, in the evenings of 1798-99, . . . Christian religion was sometimes our topic; and I then promised you that one day or other, I would give you my views of it.  They are the result of a life of inquiry and reflection, and very different from that Anti-Christian system imputed to me by those who know nothing of my opinions.  To the corruptions of christianity I am indeed opposed, but not to the genuine precepts of Jesus himself.  I am a Christian in the only sense in which he wished any one to be, sincerely attached to his doctrines, in preference to all others; ascribing to himself every human excellence, and believing he never claimed any other.”

The Jefferson Bible was published in 1911 by US government. The fresh congressmen or congress women receive a copy as a gift.



The Sabbath that Daniel Webster spent with Thomas Jefferson at Monticello 
In response to the inquiry of the Sabbath School in New York city, Daniel Webster wrote a letter to Prof Pease on June 15, 1852, in which he described a Sabbath he spent with Jefferson in Monticello.  It sheds further light on Jefferson’s religious view.

. . . Many years ago I spent a Sabbath with Thomas Jefferson, at his residence in Virginia.  It was in the month of June, and the weather was delightful.  While engaged in discussing the beauties of the Bible, the sound of a bell broke upon . . . [one line was obliterated upon scanning by NY Times] our ears, when, turning to the sage of Monticello, I remarked, “How sweetly, how very sweetly sounds that Sabbath bell” The distinguished statesman for a moment seemed lost in thought, and then replied: “Yes, my dear Webster, yes, it melts the heart, it calms our passion, and makes us boys again.”  Here I observed that man was only an animal formed for religious worship, and that notwithstanding all the sophistry of Epicurus, Lucretius and Voltaire, the Scriptures stood upon a rock as firm, as unmovable as truth itself; that man in his purer, loftier breathings, turned the mental eyes toward immortality, and that the poet only echoed the general sentiment of our nature in saying that “the soul, secure in her existence, smiles at the drawn dagger, and defies its point.”

Mr.Jefferson fully agreed in this opinion, and observed that the tendency of the American mind was in different direction; and that Sunday-school (he did not use our more correct term, Sabbath) presented the only legitimate means, under the Constitution, of avoiding the rock on which the French Republic was wreaked, “BURKE,” said he, “never uttered a more important truth than when he exclaimed that ‘a religious education was the cheap defence of nations.’” “RAIKES,” said Mr. Jefferson, “has done more for our country than the present generation will acknowledge: perhaps, when I am cold [?], he will obtain his reward; I hope so, earnestly hope so; I am considered by man; Mr. Webster, to have little religion, but now is not the time to correct errors of this sort. I have always said, and always will say, that the studious perusal of the sacred volume will make better citizens, better fathers, and better husbands. . .

It is of interest to note that Webster said Jefferson used the term 'Sunday School', instead of the correct term 'Sabbath School'. Jefferson was apparently ahead of his time. I wonder when did the term 'Sunday School' become more popular?

When we first visited the Union restaurant in Boston in 1976; we saw a sign saying Daniel Webster and JFK frequented this restaurant. That was the time I began to pay attention to this Congressman, Senator and the Secretary of State from Massachusetts whose rhetorical flourish Lincoln imitated or borrowed.







Thursday, February 13, 2014

Americans in Paris and French in Monticello

It is perfect fitting for the visiting French President Francois Hollande to visit Thomas Jefferson’s estate, Monticello, before going to the White House.  A noted Francophile, Jefferson was thinking about returning to France when he, after spending 5 years as the second Minister to France, returned to the States In September 1789.  It is difficult to characterize his relationship with the French lady, Maria Cosway, who wrote a letter to Jefferson on 6/11/1790, “I fear my Dear friend have forgot me: Not one line ever since your Departure from this part of the world!”  Jefferson was also a good friend of Lafayette’s aunt in his Paris years.


The French president must be proud of the French’s influence on our third president and the author of the Declaration of Independence.



John Adam’s house was Jefferson’s second home when he first arrived at Paris on 8/6/1784; his wife, Martha, died of child birth in 1782. When the Adams left for London in 1785, the lonely Jefferson missed them terribly, we read his letter, “The departure of your family has left me in the dumps, my afternoons hang heavily on me.” (John Quincy Adams, the 6th president, left Paris for Boston, so he could enroll into Harvard).


Jefferson’s autobiography was only up to his 5-year stay in Paris.  Sally Hemings accompanied Jefferson’s daughter Mary (Polly) to Paris in 1787.  It was said that Sally wished to stay in Paris when Jefferson returned to the States in 1789 for she would be a free woman in Paris and a slave in Charlottesville, Virginia.  Jefferson had to persuade her to return with him, promising her that her children would be free once they reached adulthood.

The First Lady, Michelle, didn’t accompany president to Monticello for obvious reason, as the French president came alone, after the recent split with his longtime partner (the official French First Lady), Valerie Trierweiler.  The president was caught slipping out of the Palace in the deep (and heat) of the night to meet with the glamorous French actress Julie Gayet.  Our First Lady must be disappointed for not being able to visit her beloved Monticello.  She might take comfort in knowing that this is not the garden season and at least she didn’t miss Jefferson’s garden.


{it should be ‘in the deep and hot of the night’ grammar wise, but I still like ‘heat’ to go along with the ‘deep’}

Sunday, September 29, 2013

Would Thomas Jefferson fight for Confederacy had he been around?

While viewing the two plaques (in the Rotunda, which Jefferson designed) honoring the University of Virginia students who gave their lives serving for Confederacy during the 1861-1865 Civil War, I cannot help but think would Thomas Jefferson fight for Confederacy had he been around?

My answer is sadly yes! Like Robert Lee, if “Virginia goes, I go”; if Virginia goes, Jefferson would go; this much I am sure.  In speaking of Virginia after retirement from the Presidency, he would say “Virginia, my country!

Not that he was a slave owner, but he advocated the State Right.  He was a true believer of limited Federal Government; he said the State Government would know its people better than the Federal Government.  He once said “that government is best which governs least.”  As we know the South was fighting for their State Right and keep the slavery institution intact was part of their State Right.


Jefferson was of the opinion that if slavery is to be abolished it should be done by the South, not by any process imposed by the North.

Having been a slave owner, Jefferson was tormented by it all his life.  He thought slavery is immoral; one may say he didn’t have the moral courage to let go all his slaves, nor did the economic necessity allow him to do it.

One reads in his Notes on State of Virginia, And can the liberties of a nation be thought secure when we have removed their only firm basis, a conviction in the mind of the people that these liberties are the gift of God? That they are not to be violated but with his wrath? Indeed I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just: that his justice cannot sleep forever. . . .”

After reading his Notes on State of Virginia, John Adams said the passages against slavery “are worth diamond.  They will have more effect than Volumes written by mere Philosophers.”

Lincoln expressed similar sentiment in his Second Inaugural,

The Almighty has His own purposes. “Woe unto the world because of offenses; for it must needs be that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense cometh.” If we shall suppose that American slavery is one of those offenses which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom the offense came, . . .

Of course, Lincoln quoted directly from Mathew 18:7, not from Jefferson’s.


Tuesday, September 24, 2013

The flowers and veggies in Monticello’s garden and in ours: a comparison

The best way to elevate our garden/gardening is to find similarities between Monticello’s garden and ours.  We do not have anything to rival his famous garden book, but I have garden posts in my blog and I use FileMaker (a database program) to keep track our garden activity; a program Jefferson would envy.

We cultivate ethnic Chinese/Taiwanese veggies, such as luffa (絲瓜, 菜瓜), Yin-Tsai or Taiwanese spinach (空心菜), bitter squash (苦瓜), 冬莪 or 茼蒿, and Taiwanese pumpkin (南瓜); the veggies that we grew up with.  Thomas Jefferson did the same thing in his Paris garden; he cultivated the veggies that he grew up with and they were not available in Europe then.

The following photos of flowers or veggies are what we saw at Monticello and that we also cultivate in our garden, so I can unabashedly say we have the same taste, if you allow and forgive my indulgence.

foxglove:

Monticello's foxglove
foxglove in our garden
sweet potato:
Monticello's sweet potato

sweet potato in our garden

hibiscus:
Monticello's hibiscus

hibiscus in our garden
cilantro:
Monticello's cilantro

cilantro in the dinner plate from our garden

black-eyed susan:
Monticello's black-eyed susan

black-eyed susan in our garden
corn:
Monticello's corn

corn in our garden
cone flower:
Monticello's cone flower

cone flower in our garden (flanked by canna)
eggplant:
Monticello's eggplant

eggplant in our garden
four o'clock flower:
Monticello's four o'clock flower

four o'clock flower in our garden
kohlrabi:
Monticello's kohlrabi
 
kohlrabi in our garden
gomphrena:
Monticello's gomphrena
gomphrena in our garden
salvia:
Monticello's salvia

salvia in our garden
watermelon:
Monticello's watermelon

watermelon in our garden
greenbean:
Monticello's bean

green bean in our garden
green onion:
Monticello's green onion
green onion (& garlic chive) in our garden
celosia:
Monticello's pink spiked celosia
celosia in our garden
tomato:
Monticello's tomato

tomato from our garden

pepper:
Monticello's pepper

pepper from our garden